رمضان کی قضا اور کفارہ کے بیان میں

عَنْ خَالِدِ بْنِ أَسْلَمَ أَنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ أَفْطَرَ ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ فِي رَمَضَانَ فِي يَوْمٍ ذِي غَيْمٍ وَرَأَى أَنَّهُ قَدْ أَمْسَى وَغَابَتْ الشَّمْسُ فَجَاءَهُ رَجُلٌ فَقَالَ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ طَلَعَتْ الشَّمْسُ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ الْخَطْبُ يَسِيرٌ وَقَدْ اجْتَهَدْنَا-
خالد بن اسلم سے روایت ہے کہ عمر بن خطاب نے ایک روزہ افطار کیا رمضان میں اور اس دن ابر تھا ان کو یہ معلوم ہوا کہ شام ہوگئی اور آفتاب ڈوب گیا پس ایک شخص آیا اور بولا یا امیر المومنین آفتاب نکل آیا حضرت عمر نے فرمایا اس کا تدارک سہل ہے ہم نے اپنے ظن پر عمل کیا تھا ۔
Yahya related to me from Malik from Zayd ibn Aslam from his brother Khalid ibn Aslam that Umar ibn al-Khattab once broke thefast on a cloudy day thinking that evening had come and the sun had set. Then a man came to him and said, "Amir al-muminin, the sun has come out,'' and Umar said, "That's an easy matter. It was our deduction (ijtihad)." Malik said, "According to what we think, and Allah knows best, what he was referring to when he said, 'That's an easy matter' was making up the fast, and how slight the effort involved was and how easy it was. He was saying (in effect), 'We will fast another day in its place.' "
عَنْ نَافِعٍ أَنَّ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ عُمَرَ كَانَ يَقُولُ يَصُومُ قَضَاءَ رَمَضَانَ مُتَتَابِعًا مَنْ أَفْطَرَهُ مِنْ مَرَضٍ أَوْ فِي سَفَرٍ-
نافع سے روایت ہے کہ عبداللہ بن عمر کہتے تھے جس شخص کے رمضان کے روزے قضا ہوں بیماری سے یا سفر سے تو ان کی قضا لگاتار رکھے۔
Yahya related to me from Malik from Nafi that Abdullah ibn Umar used to say, "Someone who breaks the fast in Ramadan because he is ill or travelling should make up the days he has missed consecutively."
عَنْ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ أَنَّ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ عَبَّاسٍ وَأَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ اخْتَلَفَا فِي قَضَاءِ رَمَضَانَ فَقَالَ أَحَدُهُمَا يُفَرِّقُ بَيْنَهُ وَقَالَ الْآخَرُ لَا يُفَرِّقُ بَيْنَهُ لَا أَدْرِي أَيَّهُمَا قَالَ يُفَرِّقُ بَيْنَهُ-
ابن شہاب سے روایت ہے کہ عبداللہ بن عباس اور ابوہریرہ نے اختلاف کیا رمضان کی قضا میں ایک نے کہا کہ رمضان کے روزوں کی قضا پے درپے رکھنے ضروری نہیں دوسرے نے کہا پے درپے رکھنا ضروری ہے لیکن مجھے معلوم نہیں کہ کس نے ان دونوں میں سے پے درپے رکھنے کو کہا اور کس نے یہ کہا کہ پے درپے رکھنا ضروری نہیں ۔
Yahya related to me from Malik from Ibr Shihab that Abdullah ibn Abbas and Abu Hurayra differed about making up days missed in Ramadan. One of them said that they were done separately and the other said that they were done consecutively. He did not know which one of them it was who said that they were done separately.
عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَقُولُ مَنْ اسْتَقَاءَ وَهُوَ صَائِمٌ فَعَلَيْهِ الْقَضَاءُ وَمَنْ ذَرَعَهُ الْقَيْءُ فَلَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ الْقَضَاءُ-
عبداللہ بن عمر کہتے تھے جو شخص قصدا قے کرے روزے میں تو اس پر قضا واجب ہے اور جس کو خود قے آجائے تو اس پر قضا نہیں ہے ۔
Yahya related to me from Malik from Nafi that Abdullah ibn Umar used to say, "If some one makes himself vomit while he is fasting he has to make up a day, but if he cannot help vomiting he does not have to make up anything."
عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ سَعِيدَ بْنَ الْمُسَيَّبِ يُسْأَلُ عَنْ قَضَاءِ رَمَضَانَ فَقَالَ سَعِيدٌ أَحَبُّ إِلَيَّ أَنْ لَا يُفَرَّقَ قَضَاءُ رَمَضَانَ وَأَنْ يُوَاتَرَ-
یحیی بن سعید نے سنا سعید بن مسیب سے پوچھا گیا ان سے رمضان کی قضا کے بارے میں تو کہا سعید نے میرے نزدیک یہ بات اچھی ہے کہ رمضان کی قضا پے درپے رکھے ۔
Yahya related to me from Malik from Yahya ibn Said that he heard Said ibn al Musayyab being asked about making up days missed in Ramadan, and Said said, "What I like best is for days missed in Ramadan to be made up consecutively, and not separately." Yahya said that he had heard Malik say, about some one who made up the days he had missed in Ramadan separately, that he did not have to repeat them. (What he had done) was enough for him. It was, however, preferable, if he did them consecutively. Malik said, "Whoever eats or drinks thoughtlessly or forgetfully in Ramadan or during any other obligatory fast that he must do, has to fast another day in its place."
عَنْ حُمَيْدِ بْنِ قَيْسٍ الْمَكِّيِّ أَنَّهُ أَخْبَرَهُ قَالَ كُنْتُ مَعَ مُجَاهِدٍ وَهُوَ يَطُوفُ بِالْبَيْتِ فَجَاءَهُ إِنْسَانٌ فَسَأَلَهُ عَنْ صِيَامِ أَيَّامِ الْكَفَّارَةِ أَمُتَتَابِعَاتٍ أَمْ يَقْطَعُهَا قَالَ حُمَيْدٌ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ نَعَمْ يَقْطَعُهَا إِنْ شَاءَ قَالَ مُجَاهِدٌ لَا يَقْطَعُهَا فَإِنَّهَا فِي قِرَاءَةِ أُبَيِّ بْنِ كَعْبٍ ثَلَاثَةِ أَيَّامٍ مُتَتَابِعَاتٍ-
حمید بن قیس مکی سے روایت ہے کہ میں ساتھ تھا مجاہد کے اور طواف کر رہے تھے خانہ کعبہ کا اتنے میں ایک آدمی آیا اور پوچھا کہ قسم کے کفارے کے روزے پے درپے ہیں یا جدا جدا حمید نے کہا ہاں جدا جدا بھی رکھ سکتا ہے اگر چاہے مجاہد نے کہا نہیں کیونکہ ابی بن کعب کی قرات میں ہے ثلثة ایام متتابعات یعنی روزے تین دن کے پے درپے ۔
Yahya related to me from Malik that Humayd ibn Oays al-Makki told him, "I was with Mujahid while he was performing tawaf around the Kaba, and a man came to him and asked whether the days (of fasting) for kaffara had to be fasted consecutively, or could they be split up. I said to him, 'Yes, they can be split up, if the person so wishes.' Mujahid said, 'He should not split them up, because in Ubayy ibn Kab's recitation they are referred to as three consecutive days.' " Malik said, "What I like most is what Allah has specified in the Qur'an, that is, that they are fasted consecutively." Malik was asked about a woman who began the day fasting in Ramadan and though it was outside of the time of her period, fresh blood (i.e. not menstrual blood) flowed from her. She then waited until evening to see the same, but did not see anything.Then, on the next day in the morning she had anotherflow, though less than the first. Then, some days before her period, the flow stopped completely. Malik was asked what she should do about her fasting and prayer, and he said, "This blood is like menstrual blood. When she sees it she should break her fast, and then make up the days she has missed. Then, when the blood has completely stopped, she should do ghusl and fast." Malik was asked whether someone who became muslim on the last day of Ramadan had to make up all of Ramadan or whether he just had to make up the day when he became muslim, and he said, "He does not have to make up any of the days that have passed. He begins fasting from that day onwards. What I like most is that he makes up the day on which he became muslim."